~Starfruit~
Averrhoa carambola L.
Oxalidaceae
CARAMBOLA
cv: Hoku
Selected by the University of Hawaii.
The Starfruit is from Malaysia and Indonesia, now common throughout tropical Asia and the neo-tropics.
Most of the world’s commercial cultivation occurs in Brazil, the West Indies, and Malaysia.
The Carambola is believed to have originated in Sri Lanka and the Moluccas,
but it has been cultivated in southeast Asia and Malaysia for many centuries.
The Carambola is a slow-growing, short-trunked evergreen tree with a much-branched, bushy canopy that is broad and rounded.
Mature trees seldom exceed 25-30 feet in height, in favorable conditions, and 20-25 feet in spread.
Carambolas do best in a frost-free location. They are tolerant of wind except for those that are hot and dry.
The tree needs full sun. Averrhoa carambola can bear so much fruit the branches will break if they aren’t harvested.
The Carambola needs moisture for best growth. In a spot to its liking Carambolas make handsome ornamentals.
Fruit 5 - 6 inches long.
Bright yellow skin and flesh.
Juicy, firm flesh with a sweet rich flavor, few seeds.
Related Species: Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)
The Carambola fruit, as the name would suggest, is shaped like a star. Attractive star shape when cut in cross-section slices.
The skin is thin, light to dark yellow and smooth with a waxy cuticle. The flesh is light yellow to yellow, translucent, crisp and very juicy, without fiber.
Fruit best when ripened on the tree, but will ripen slowly if picked before fully ripe. Green or ripe fruits are easily damaged and must be handled with great care.
Ripe Carambolas are eaten out-of-hand, sliced and served in salads or used as a garnish.
They are also cooked in puddings, tarts, stews and curries.
There are multiple varieties of Starfruit, both sweet and sour.
Sweet varieties tend to be lighter in color and smaller, about five inches long and three inches wide.
Sour varieties are larger and more orange in color.
The Carambola is classified as subtropical because mature trees can tolerate temperatures as low as 27° F for short periods of time with little damage.
Like many other subtropicals, however, young plants are more susceptible to frost and can be killed at 32° F.
Carambolas can be severely damaged by flooding or prevailing hot, dry winds. The small trees make good container plants.
The fragrant, pink to lavender flowers are 3/8 inch in diameter, perfect, and borne in clusters in axils of leaves on young branches, or on older branches without leaves.
There are several flushes of bloom throughout the year.
The spirally arranged, alternate leaves are 6 - 10 inches long, with 5 - 11 nearly opposite, ovate-oblong leaflets that are 1-1/2 to 3-1/2 inches in length.
They are soft, medium-green, and smooth on the upper surface, faintly hairy and whitish on the underside.
The leaflets are sensitive to light and more or less inclined to to fold together at night or when the tree is shaken or abruptly shocked.